Or perhaps it was the already square Italianate Victorian design that was the architectural genesis of the style. Still others believe that it is, in fact, a refinement of the traditional rectangular two-story colonial re-popularized by the Colonial Revival school in the last quarter of the 19th century to celebrate the Centennial of the founding of the country. The colonial was squared off, a porch added, its roof lowered and Craftsman detailing applied.
We think that the true story is much less exotic: the Four-square is just the builders' two-story version of the popular Craftsman bungalow. Buyers liked the simplicity, open floor plan, and interior efficiency of the bungalow but many wanted a larger house. Builders responded with the Four-square, preserving the essential design elements of the classic bungalow while adding a full second floor.
However, it came to be, this distinctive house that has become one of the most recognizable of American home styles. A classic Four-square cannot be anything but a classic Four-square. There is no other house style that resembles it. American Four-square house with clapboard siding and hip roofs in the Irvingdale area of Lincoln.
Both this house and the house below were built by the same builder, on the same block, probably from a mail-order kit. In contrast to other localities, Four-square houses in Nebraska usually do not feature the typical horizontal band between floors nor different siding on the upper story. Today, it is well regarded by architectural historians as one of the icons of American residential architecture.
But, recognition was long in coming. For decades the Four-square was mostly ignored by the architectural community as just an uninspired, builder-designed curiosity: chunky, rectangular, symmetrical, unassuming, and plain as an old shoe.
It was thought to have little style and no architectural significance. Labine and Poore pointed out that the true importance of the Four-square lay not in any significant architectural feature or revolutionary design innovation but in its extraordinary livability and simplicity. The four-square is, the authors observed, one of the least expensive houses to build and one of the most comfortable and economical to live in. The style has its own folksy attraction, a particular aesthetic appeal that is hard to describe in strictly architectural terms.
As our chief designer observed:. It also may be the most American of house styles. With the exception of our good neighbor, Canada where the style is almost as popular, no other country has Four-squares in any significant number. It is without question a "folk" house, utterly devoid of affectation of any kind. A spacious two-story dwelling with a low-pitched, hipped roof and wide, overhanging eaves, its square or nearly square footprint is perfect for making the most efficient use of city lots.
Its midwest origins are evident in its features. It is designed for the vagaries and extremes of the quickly-changing weather of the American Prairie. Its low-rise hip roof collects snow, a natural insulation in the winter, and its wide eaves protect the house from blistering summer suns and driving rains for which the Great Plains are justly famous.
It is the ultimate "comfortable" house. Typically, each floor contains four rooms, one neatly tucked into each corner. Arranging each floor in quadrants eliminated the need for long hallways and made the most efficient use of interior space. Japan launched more than 9, balloons between November and April The 5,mile journey took about three days. Most did no harm. Only a few reached North America and most of those fell harmlessly in western forests and on empty prairie.
Americans were asked to keep quiet about the bombs to deny the Japanese army any information about their range or effectiveness. The Omaha bombing came three days after Japan had already announced its surrender on August, The formal peace accord was signed on September 9, , in Tokyo Bay aboard the battleship, the U. Two weeks after the Dundee explosion, a pregnant woman and five children from a Sunday school class were killed in Oregon by a bomb they found laying on the forest floor.
Theirs were the only known deaths caused by the bombs and the only deaths due to enemy action in the continental United States during the War. On the first floor, an entry foyer, living room, dining room, and kitchen divide the space. Upstairs, three bedrooms and a bath surround a small foyer at the top of the stairs.
Simple, symmetrical Four-square homes were less costly to build than earlier, more complicated designs with protruding wings and complex rooflines. The efficient interior layout used the least amount of material for walls, and the symmetrical hip roof simplified and sped construction.
The houses are very efficient to heat and cool, often designed so that the upstairs and downstairs are distinct climate zones separated by a door at the top or bottom of the stairs. The downstairs was heated by day, and upstairs at night for sleeping. First-floor registers were often designed not to close off heat but to redirect it to the second floor. Lavish use of double-hung windows — often as many as 30 windows — made it possible to completely ventilate the house on cool summer evenings for sleeping comfort, eliminating the need for the sleeping porch common in many Victorian house designs.
Large tracts of Four-square homes still exist in older Lincoln neighborhoods, particularly in the old "streetcar suburbs" in the Near South, Irvingdale, Country Club, Bethany, College View, University Place, and Havelock; but the design was universal and can be found in remote farmhouses as well as in the urban core of nearly all Nebraska cities. Gift Cards. Design Dilemma. Email Save Comment 2.
Sort by: Oldest. Newest Oldest. The two share common elements. Arts and Crafts style is an older, handmade reaction the decorating excesses of the Victorians, which eventually influenced Prairie Style. In general, Arts and Crafts is a bit more chunky, while Prairie looks sleeker and more modern, but many of the elements are the same.
Natural materials, non-industrial, stone, wood, and handcrafted metal. Like 4 Save. Like Save. Related Discussions Woodwork in craftsman style home Q.
Feeny makes a good point. It doesnt have to be Wood or White. Browse Houzz and youll see many color combos. In older homes I even think its sometimes better to just paint the wood parts brown rather worrying about restoration. My feeling is it depends on the wood you are using whether it looks great left as wood. Need suggestions to improve the curb appeal of our mission prairie style home Q. I get to start off the new year for your fine list of helping hands. To list a few: rinqreation showed truly wonderful sites, but it just made you weep, right?
Plan makes at least one important departure from the work of Wright, who often isolated and de-emphasized the kitchen, which he viewed as a place of work. The kitchen in this plan is open to the family room. It would be easy to work in, with a large center island with a cooktop, shelves for cookbooks, several cupboards, and two pantries for storage. Plan Windows are collected in groups of three and used symmetrically as Wright would often do.
Wright used windows to highlight views of the natural landscape. But he was also very concerned with homeowner privacy. High windows on the sides of this house make it difficult for neighbors to see inside. The three brick columns that support the front porch roof create a Craftsman style impression at entry. Inside, the plan supports modern family living with a big family room and strong outdoor connections. The Prairie style is clearly referenced in shallow horizontal roof line in plan pictured above.
Once again, windows are grouped in threes and arranged symmetrically. But in a contemporary twist, they are sometimes placed vertically rather than horizontally, creating playfulness in the design. That look is reinforced by other modern elements — a translucent garage door and metal awning supports. The interiors wrap around an oversized outdoor living space that joins a courtyard, blurring boundaries between interior and exterior spaces.
The plan above plan from Visbeen Architects, also called the Cottonwood marries Prairie elements with the ranch style. Horizontal lap siding, a shallow roof, and long eaves underscores the horizontal orientation of the building form.
The most visible windows on the house are grouped in threes and done with art glass that Wright often employed. A brick foundation marries the home to the ground.
The spacious main level includes a large combined kitchen and great room that would be great for entertaining.
A private guest bedroom and a spacious master suite also find a home on this level. A walkout lower level offers another 1, square feet of living space.
It includes a large family room, three additional family bedrooms, and a shared bath. The contemporary home pictured above relies on Prairie elements to give it a special appeal. The home has a strong horizontal alignment thanks to a series of deep eaves, lap siding, and a long front porch. The garage door, with windows off to one side, also emphasizes the horizontal plane. Most windows are arranged in groups of two and three, but in a modern touch they are often placed vertically.
The Craftsman style honors the use of natural materials and handmade elements. Traditional Craftsman-style doors are crafted from woods like mahogany, cherry, or oak, but some homeowners choose a traditional style door with a modern material like wood-grain low-maintenance fiberglass stained to give a realistic wood look.
Most Craftsman homes have double- or single— hung windows, with the bottom window being a single pane of glass.
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